Title |
Female hurricanes are deadlier than male hurricanes
|
---|---|
Published in |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, June 2014
|
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.1402786111 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kiju Jung, Sharon Shavitt, Madhu Viswanathan, Joseph M Hilbe |
Abstract |
Do people judge hurricane risks in the context of gender-based expectations? We use more than six decades of death rates from US hurricanes to show that feminine-named hurricanes cause significantly more deaths than do masculine-named hurricanes. Laboratory experiments indicate that this is because hurricane names lead to gender-based expectations about severity and this, in turn, guides respondents' preparedness to take protective action. This finding indicates an unfortunate and unintended consequence of the gendered naming of hurricanes, with important implications for policymakers, media practitioners, and the general public concerning hurricane communication and preparedness. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 167 | 10% |
United States | 149 | 9% |
United Kingdom | 55 | 3% |
Canada | 31 | 2% |
Germany | 18 | 1% |
Spain | 13 | <1% |
Australia | 10 | <1% |
Ireland | 8 | <1% |
France | 7 | <1% |
Other | 84 | 5% |
Unknown | 1156 | 68% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1530 | 90% |
Scientists | 118 | 7% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 26 | 2% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 23 | 1% |
Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 3% |
Germany | 3 | 1% |
Australia | 3 | 1% |
United Kingdom | 3 | 1% |
Switzerland | 2 | <1% |
Canada | 2 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 270 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 58 | 20% |
Researcher | 53 | 18% |
Student > Master | 34 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 28 | 10% |
Other | 16 | 5% |
Other | 57 | 20% |
Unknown | 46 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 44 | 15% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 30 | 10% |
Social Sciences | 30 | 10% |
Environmental Science | 26 | 9% |
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 22 | 8% |
Other | 74 | 25% |
Unknown | 66 | 23% |