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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Organic Chemical Characterization and Mass Balance of a Hydraulically Fractured Well: From Fracturing Fluid to Produced Water over 405 Days
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Environmental Science & Technology, November 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1021/acs.est.7b03362 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
James Rosenblum, E. Michael Thurman, Imma Ferrer, George Aiken, Karl G. Linden |
| Abstract |
A long-term field study (405 days) of a hydraulically fractured well from the Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg Basin was completed. Characterization of organic chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and their changes through time, from the pre-injected fracturing fluid to the produced water, was conducted. The characterization consisted of a mass balance by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and nonvolatile organic analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. DOC decreased from 1500 mg/L in initial flowback to 200 mg/L in the final produced water. Only ~11% of the injected DOC returned by the end of the study, with this 11% representing a maximum fraction returned since the formation itself contributes DOC. Furthermore, the majority of returning DOC was of the hydrophilic fraction (60 - 85%). Volatile organic compound analysis revealed substantial concentrations of individual BTEX compounds (0.1 - 11 mg/l) over the 405-day study. Nonvolatile organic compounds identified were polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polypropylene glycols (PPG), linear alkyl-ethoxylates, and triisopropanolamine (TIPA). The distribution of PEGs, PPGs, and TIPA, and their ubiquitous presence in our samples and the literature, illustrate their potential as organic tracers for treatment operations or in the event of an environmental spill. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 67 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 67 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 24% |
| Researcher | 8 | 12% |
| Student > Master | 7 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 7% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 6% |
| Other | 9 | 13% |
| Unknown | 18 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 16 | 24% |
| Chemical Engineering | 6 | 9% |
| Chemistry | 6 | 9% |
| Environmental Science | 5 | 7% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 5 | 7% |
| Other | 6 | 9% |
| Unknown | 23 | 34% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 December 2017.
All research outputs
#15,748,492
of 26,243,859 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Science & Technology
#16,027
of 21,503 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#236,740
of 451,151 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Science & Technology
#164
of 231 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,243,859 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 38th percentile – i.e., 38% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 21,503 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.0. This one is in the 24th percentile – i.e., 24% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 451,151 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 45th percentile – i.e., 45% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 231 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.