Title |
Autoantibodies to neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels: from neuromuscular to neuropsychiatric disorders
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Genetics, January 2013
|
DOI | 10.3389/fgene.2013.00181 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Pilar Martinez-Martinez, Peter C. Molenaar, Mario Losen, Jo Stevens, Marc H. De Baets, Andrei Szoke, Jerome Honnorat, Ryad Tamouza, Marion Leboyer, Jim Van Os, Bart P. F. Rutten |
Abstract |
Changes of voltage-gated ion channels and ligand-gated receptor channels caused by mutation or autoimmune attack are the cause of so-called channelopathies in the central and peripheral nervous system. We present the pathophysiology of channelopathies of the neuromuscular junction in terms of loss-of-function and gain-of-function principles. Autoantibodies generally have reduced access to the central nervous system, but in some cases this is enough to cause disease. A review is provided of recent findings implicating autoantibodies against ligand-activated receptor channels and potassium channels in psychiatric and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia and limbic encephalitis. The emergence of channelopathy-related neuropsychiatric disorders has implications for research and practice. |
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