Title |
PD-1HIGH Follicular CD4 T Helper Cell Subsets Residing in Lymph Node Germinal Centers Correlate with B Cell Maturation and IgG Production in Rhesus Macaques
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, March 2014
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00085 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Huanbin Xu, Xiaolei Wang, Andrew A. Lackner, Ronald S. Veazey |
Abstract |
CD4+ T follicular helper (TFH) cells guide development and maturation of B cells and are crucial for effective antibody responses. Here we found rhesus macaque TFH cells, defined as CXCR5+CD4 T cells, contain two major populations: PD-1(INT) and PD-1(HIGH) cells. Of these, PD-1(HIGH)CD4+ T cells highly co-express ICOS but little CCR7, and reside in lymph node germinal centers (GCs), but not in blood. These cells secrete IL-21 and express transcriptional factor Bcl-6 at higher levels than CXCR5+PD-1(INT)CD4+ T cells. In addition, the frequency of PD-1(HIGH)CD4+ T cells is low in lymph nodes of newborns, but increases with age. Levels of PD-1(HIGH)CD4+ T cells correlate with mature B cells in lymph nodes, and PD-1 blockade in PD-1(HIGH)CD4+ T and B cell co-cultures significantly inhibits IgG production. In summary, PD-1(HIGH)CD4+ T cells residing in GC represent a specific TFH subset that contributes to maturation of B cells and IgG production. |
X Demographics
As of 1 July 2024, you may notice a temporary increase in the numbers of X profiles with Unknown location. Click here to learn more.
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 8% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 3% |
Russia | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 35 | 88% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 11 | 28% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 20% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 13% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 8% |
Professor | 2 | 5% |
Other | 6 | 15% |
Unknown | 5 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Immunology and Microbiology | 13 | 33% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 30% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 13% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 3% |
Other | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 6 | 15% |