Title |
Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation Becomes Systemic by Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Wnt5a and Inflammatory Cytokines
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, July 2018
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DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01724 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Diana Feller, Jozsef Kun, Istvan Ruzsics, Judit Rapp, Veronika Sarosi, Krisztian Kvell, Zsuzsanna Helyes, Judit E. Pongracz |
Abstract |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating, irreversible pathology affecting millions of people worldwide. Clinical studies show that currently available therapies are insufficient, have no or little effect on elevated comorbidities and on systemic inflammation. To develop alternative therapeutic options, a better understanding of the molecular background of COPD is essential. In the present study, we show that non-canonical and pro-inflammatory Wnt5a is up-regulated by cigarette smoking with parallel up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both mouse and human model systems. Wnt5a is not only a pro-inflammatory Wnt ligand but can also inhibit the anti-inflammatory peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma transcription and affect M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Both Wnt5a and pro-inflammatory cytokines can be transported in lipid bilayer sealed extracellular vesicles that reach and deliver their contents to every organ measured in the blood of COPD patients, therefore, demonstrating a potential mechanism for the systemic nature of this crippling disease. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 1 | 17% |
Malaysia | 1 | 17% |
Argentina | 1 | 17% |
Switzerland | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 2 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 5 | 83% |
Scientists | 1 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 48 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 8 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 17% |
Student > Master | 5 | 10% |
Other | 5 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 6% |
Other | 7 | 15% |
Unknown | 12 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 25% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 6% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 6% |
Neuroscience | 2 | 4% |
Other | 11 | 23% |
Unknown | 13 | 27% |