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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Cocaine promotes oxidative stress and microglial-macrophage activation in rat cerebellum
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, July 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fncel.2015.00279 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Rosa López-Pedrajas, Dolores T. Ramírez-Lamelas, Borja Muriach, María V. Sánchez-Villarejo, Inmaculada Almansa, Lorena Vidal-Gil, Francisco J. Romero, Jorge M. Barcia, María Muriach |
| Abstract |
Different mechanisms have been suggested for cocaine neurotoxicity, including oxidative stress alterations. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), considered a sensor of oxidative stress and inflammation, is involved in drug toxicity and addiction. NF-κB is a key mediator for immune responses that induces microglial/macrophage activation under inflammatory processes and neuronal injury/degeneration. Although cerebellum is commonly associated to motor control, muscular tone, and balance. Its relation with addiction is getting relevance, being associated to compulsive and perseverative behaviors. Some reports indicate that cerebellar microglial activation induced by cannabis or ethanol, promote cerebellar alterations and these alterations could be associated to addictive-related behaviors. After considering the effects of some drugs on cerebellum, the aim of the present work analyzes pro-inflammatory changes after cocaine exposure. Rats received daily 15 mg/kg cocaine i.p., for 18 days. Reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutamate were determined in cerebellar homogenates. NF-κB activity, CD68, and GFAP expression were determined. Cerebellar GPx activity and GSH/GSSG ratio are significantly decreased after cocaine exposure. A significant increase of glutamate concentration is also observed. Interestingly, increased NF-κB activity is also accompanied by an increased expression of the lysosomal mononuclear phagocytic marker ED1 without GFAP alterations. Current trends in addiction biology are focusing on the role of cerebellum on addictive behaviors. Cocaine-induced cerebellar changes described herein fit with previosus data showing cerebellar alterations on addict subjects and support the proposed role of cerebelum in addiction. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Switzerland | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 51 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 50 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 20% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 14% |
| Professor | 5 | 10% |
| Researcher | 4 | 8% |
| Other | 9 | 18% |
| Unknown | 8 | 16% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 12 | 24% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 22% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 10% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 8% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 6 | 12% |
| Unknown | 11 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 July 2015.
All research outputs
#20,284,384
of 22,818,766 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
#3,570
of 4,242 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#220,044
of 263,394 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
#110
of 134 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,818,766 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,242 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.2. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 263,394 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 134 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.