Title |
Embolic Strokes of Unknown Source and Cryptogenic Stroke: Implications in Clinical Practice
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in Neurology, March 2016
|
DOI | 10.3389/fneur.2016.00037 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Amre Nouh, Mohammed Hussain, Tapan Mehta, Shadi Yaghi |
Abstract |
Up to a third of strokes are rendered cryptogenic or of undetermined etiology. This number is specifically higher in younger patients. At times, inadequate diagnostic workups, multiple causes, or an under-recognized etiology contributes to this statistic. Embolic stroke of undetermined source, a new clinical entity particularly refers to patients with embolic stroke for whom the etiology of embolism remains unidentified despite through investigations ruling out established cardiac and vascular sources. In this article, we review current classification and discuss important clinical considerations in these patients; highlighting cardiac arrhythmias and structural abnormalities, patent foramen ovale, paradoxical sources, and potentially under-recognized, vascular, inflammatory, autoimmune, and hematologic sources in relation to clinical practice. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 50% |
Switzerland | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 133 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 18 | 14% |
Other | 16 | 12% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 9% |
Researcher | 12 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 12 | 9% |
Other | 32 | 24% |
Unknown | 31 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 62 | 47% |
Neuroscience | 10 | 8% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 2% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 2% |
Other | 9 | 7% |
Unknown | 37 | 28% |