Title |
An Insight into the Diverse Roles of Surfactant Proteins, SP-A and SP-D in Innate and Adaptive Immunity
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, January 2012
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DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00131 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Annapurna Nayak, Eswari Dodagatta-Marri, Anthony George Tsolaki, Uday Kishore |
Abstract |
Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D are hydrophilic, collagen-containing calcium-dependent lectins, which appear to have a range of innate immune functions at pulmonary as well as extrapulmonary sites. These proteins bind to target ligands on pathogens, allergens, and apoptotic cells, via C-terminal homotrimeric carbohydrate recognition domains, while the collagen region brings about the effector functions via its interaction with cell surface receptors. SP-A and SP-D deal with various pathogens, using a range of innate immune mechanisms such as agglutination/aggregation, enhancement of phagocytosis, and killing mechanisms by phagocytic cells and direct growth inhibition. SP-A and SP-D have also been shown to be involved in the control of pulmonary inflammation including allergy and asthma. Emerging evidence suggest that SP-A and SP-D are capable of linking innate immunity with adaptive immunity that includes modulation of dendritic cell function and helper T cell polarization. This review enumerates immunological properties of SP-A and SP-D inside and outside lungs and discusses their importance in human health and disease. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Poland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 152 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 28 | 18% |
Researcher | 26 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 10% |
Student > Master | 15 | 10% |
Other | 10 | 6% |
Other | 25 | 16% |
Unknown | 34 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 31 | 20% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 30 | 19% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 15 | 10% |
Physics and Astronomy | 3 | 2% |
Other | 17 | 11% |
Unknown | 42 | 27% |