Title |
Multi-organ impairment and long COVID: a 1-year prospective, longitudinal cohort study
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Published in |
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, February 2023
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DOI | 10.1177/01410768231154703 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Andrea Dennis, Daniel J Cuthbertson, Dan Wootton, Michael Crooks, Mark Gabbay, Nicole Eichert, Sofia Mouchti, Michele Pansini, Adriana Roca-Fernandez, Helena Thomaides-Brears, Matt Kelly, Matthew Robson, Lyth Hishmeh, Emily Attree, Melissa Heightman, Rajarshi Banerjee, Amitava Banerjee |
Abstract |
To determine the prevalence of organ impairment in long COVID patients at 6 and 12 months after initial symptoms and to explore links to clinical presentation. Prospective cohort study. Individuals. In individuals recovered from acute COVID-19, we assessed symptoms, health status, and multi-organ tissue characterisation and function. Two non-acute healthcare settings (Oxford and London). Physiological and biochemical investigations were performed at baseline on all individuals, and those with organ impairment were reassessed. Primary outcome was prevalence of single- and multi-organ impairment at 6 and 12 months post COVID-19. A total of 536 individuals (mean age 45 years, 73% female, 89% white, 32% healthcare workers, 13% acute COVID-19 hospitalisation) completed baseline assessment (median: 6 months post COVID-19); 331 (62%) with organ impairment or incidental findings had follow-up, with reduced symptom burden from baseline (median number of symptoms 10 and 3, at 6 and 12 months, respectively). Extreme breathlessness (38% and 30%), cognitive dysfunction (48% and 38%) and poor health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L < 0.7; 57% and 45%) were common at 6 and 12 months, and associated with female gender, younger age and single-organ impairment. Single- and multi-organ impairment were present in 69% and 23% at baseline, persisting in 59% and 27% at follow-up, respectively. Organ impairment persisted in 59% of 331 individuals followed up at 1 year post COVID-19, with implications for symptoms, quality of life and longer-term health, signalling the need for prevention and integrated care of long COVID.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04369807. |
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Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 122 | 5% |
United Kingdom | 40 | 2% |
Canada | 21 | <1% |
Japan | 17 | <1% |
Germany | 15 | <1% |
France | 14 | <1% |
Australia | 10 | <1% |
Taiwan | 6 | <1% |
Spain | 6 | <1% |
Other | 38 | 2% |
Unknown | 1999 | 87% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2040 | 89% |
Scientists | 107 | 5% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 100 | 4% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 38 | 2% |
Unknown | 3 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 108 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 13 | 12% |
Student > Master | 10 | 9% |
Other | 7 | 6% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 5% |
Other | 14 | 13% |
Unknown | 53 | 49% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 19% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 6% |
Unspecified | 7 | 6% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 3% |
Other | 12 | 11% |
Unknown | 55 | 51% |