This is a bizarre paper. It assumes a model to try to infer what is happening subsurface and then uses the inferred information to assert a valid predictor. Measure a value of X, subtract 1 from X as a model, then use that as a predictor for X. Voila!
A SST-constructed Ocean Heat Content index in crossing ENSO spring persistence barrier - @FrontMarineSci https://t.co/fa9feGxDJG
New Research: A SST-constructed Ocean Heat Content index in crossing ENSO spring persistence barrier: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) spring persistence barrier (SPB) describes the feature in which the predictive skills of ENSO… #MarineScience http
#PhysicalOceanography FMS: A SST-constructed Ocean Heat Content index in crossing ENSO spring persistence barrier https://t.co/t2M6QoMrjA