Title |
Inflammation in Prostatic Hyperplasia and Carcinoma—Basic Scientific Approach
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in oncology, April 2017
|
DOI | 10.3389/fonc.2017.00077 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Božo Krušlin, Davor Tomas, Tihana Džombeta, Marija Milković-Periša, Monika Ulamec |
Abstract |
Chronic inflammation is associated with both benign conditions and cancer. Likewise, inflammatory cells are quite common in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic tissue harboring cancer. Triggers that activate inflammatory pathways in the prostate remain a subject of argument and are likely to be multifactorial, some of these being bacterial antigens, different chemical irritations, and metabolic disorders. Acute and chronic inflammation in prostate leads to accumulation of immunocompetent cells, mainly T lymphocytes and macrophages, but also neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells, depending on the type of offending agent. Inflammatory processes activate hyperproliferative programs resulting in nodules seen in BPH, but are also important in creating suitable microenvironment for cancer growth and progression. Inflammatory cells have mostly been shown to have a protumoral effect such as tumor-associated macrophages, but some cell types such as mast cells have antitumoral effects. This review outlines the recent findings and theories supporting the role of inflammatory responses as drivers of both benign and malignant epithelial processes in the prostate gland. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 3 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 89 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 8 | 9% |
Student > Master | 8 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 7 | 8% |
Other | 17 | 19% |
Unknown | 28 | 31% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 22% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 11% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 6% |
Other | 9 | 10% |
Unknown | 31 | 35% |