Title |
A New Personalized Cooling Protocol to Activate Brown Adipose Tissue in Young Adults
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Physiology, November 2017
|
DOI | 10.3389/fphys.2017.00863 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Borja Martinez-Tellez, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Yolanda Garcia-Rivero, Juan M. A. Alcantara, Wendy D. Martinez-Avila, Maria V. Muñoz-Hernandez, Josune Olza, Mariëtte R. Boon, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Jose M. Llamas-Elvira, Jonatan R. Ruiz |
Abstract |
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is induced when humans are exposed to cold. Therefore, cold exposure prior to the (18)F-FDG-PET/CT scan is used as a tool to quantify BAT. Several cooling protocols, including fixed and personalized ones are currently in use. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a new personalized cooling protocol where the shivering threshold was measured on a separate day, on BAT volume and activity in young adults. A total of 47 adults (n = 28 women) aged 22 ± 2 years participated in the study. We determined participants' shivering threshold (visually and self-reported) using a water perfused cooling vest in an air-conditioned cold room. 48-72 h later, participants wore the cooling vest set at ~4°C above the shivering threshold for 60 min prior to injection of (18)F-FDG and ~5°C above the shivering threshold for ~60 min after injection, until PET/CT scan. We quantified BAT following BARCIST 1.0 recommendations. We identified 40 participants (85%, n = 25 women) as PET+ and 7 (n = 3 women) as PET-. The PET+ group presented significantly higher BAT volume and activity than PET- group (all P < 0.05). PET+ women had higher BAT mean activity than PET+ men (SUVmean: 5.0 ± 1.6 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 g/ml respectively, P = 0.003), and there were no significant sex differences in BAT volume (P = 0.161). A total of 9 out of 47 participants did not shiver during the shivering threshold test. Our findings are similar to previous cold-stimulated human BAT studies; therefore, we conclude that our personalized cooling protocol is able to activate BAT in young adults. |
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