Zezhang T. Wen, Sumei Liao, Jacob P. Bitoun, Arpan De, Ashton Jorgensen, Shihai Feng, Xiaoming Xu, Patrick S. G. Chain, Page W. Caufield, Hyun Koo, Yihong Li
Abstract
Like Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli are commonly isolated from carious sites, although their exact role in caries development remains unclear. This study used mixed-species models to analyze biofilm formation by major groups of oral lactobacilli, including L. casei, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus, L. salivarius ssp. salivarius, and L. gasseri. The results showed that lactobacilli did not form good biofilms when grown alone, although differences existed between different species. When grown together with S. mutans, biofilm formation by L. gasseri and L. rhamnosus was increased by 2-log (P < 0.001), while biofilms by L. fermentum reduced by >1-log (P < 0.001). L. casei enhanced biofilm formation by ~2-log when grown with S. mutans wild-type, but no such effects were observed with S. mutans deficient of glucosyltransferase GtfB and adhesin P1. Both S. mutans and L. casei in dual-species enhanced resistance to acid killing with increases of survival rate by >1-log (P < 0.001), but drastically reduced the survival rates following exposure to hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.001), as compared to the respective mono-species cultures. When analyzed by RNA-seq, more than 134 genes were identified in S. mutans in dual-species with L. casei as either up- or down-regulated when compared to those grown alone. The up-regulated genes include those for superoxide dismutase, NADH oxidase, and members of the mutanobactin biosynthesis cluster. Among the down-regulated genes were those for GtfB and alternative sigma factor SigX. These results further suggest that interactions between S. mutans and oral lactobacilli are species-specific and may have significant impact on cariogenic potential of the community.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
2
4%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
1
2%
Other
0
0%
Unknown
24
50%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 June 2021.
All research outputs
#14,961,684
of 23,012,811 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
#3,267
of 6,503 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#254,270
of 440,645 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
#66
of 115 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,012,811 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 6,503 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.4. This one is in the 44th percentile – i.e., 44% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 115 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 38th percentile – i.e., 38% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
