Title |
Initiation of voluntary movements at free will and ongoing 0.1-Hz BOLD oscillations in the insula—a pilot study
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, December 2014
|
DOI | 10.3389/fnint.2014.00093 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Gert Pfurtscheller, Alexandre Andrade, Karl Koschutnig, Clemens Brunner, Fernando Lopes da Silva |
Abstract |
Recently we hypothesized that the intention to initiate a voluntary movement at free will may be related to the dynamics of hemodynamic variables, which may be supported by the intertwining of networks for the timing of voluntary movements and the control of cardiovascular variables in the insula. In the present study voluntary movements of 3 healthy subjects were analyzed using fMRI scans at 1.83-s intervals along with the time course of slow hemodynamic changes in sensorimotor networks. For the analyses of BOLD time courses the Wavelet transform coherence (WTC) and calculation of phase-locking values were used. Analyzed was the frequency band between 0.07 and 0.13 Hz in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and insula, two widely separated regions co-active in motor behavior. BOLD signals displayed slow fluctuations, concentrated around 0.1 Hz whereby the intrinsic oscillations in the insula preceded those in the SMA by 0.5-1 s. These preliminary results suggest that slow hemodynamic changes in SMA and insula may condition the initiation of a voluntary movement at free will. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Japan | 1 | 2% |
Austria | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 44 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Master | 11 | 24% |
Researcher | 8 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 7% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 7% |
Other | 8 | 17% |
Unknown | 6 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 9 | 20% |
Neuroscience | 8 | 17% |
Engineering | 4 | 9% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 9% |
Physics and Astronomy | 3 | 7% |
Other | 10 | 22% |
Unknown | 8 | 17% |