Ryota Tanaka, Yu Ishima, Yuki Enoki, Kazuhiko Kimachi, Tatsuya Shirai, Hiroshi Watanabe, Victor T. G. Chuang, Toru Maruyama, Masaki Otagiri
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the primary pathogenic molecules produced in viral lung infections. We previously reported on the use of a recombinant human serum albumin (HSA)-thioredoxin 1 (Trx) fusion protein (HSA-Trx) for extending the half-life Trx, an endogenous protein with anti-oxidant properties. As a result, it was possible to overcome the unfavorable pharmacokinetic and short pharmacological properties of Trx. We hypothesized that HSA-Trx would attenuate the enhanced ROS production of species such as hydroxyl radicals by neutrophils during an influenza viral infection. The levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine were used as indices of the anti-oxidant activity of HSA-Trx. In addition, the cytoprotective effects of HSA-Trx were examined in PR8 (H1N1) influenza virus-induced lung injured mice. The findings show that HSA-Trx reduced the number of total cells, neutrophils, and total protein in BALF of influenza virus-induced lung injured mice. The HSA-Trx treatment significantly decreased the level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine, but failed to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, in the lungs of the virus-infected mice. On the other hand, Tamiflu(®) treatment also significantly suppressed the production of inflammatory cells and neutrophil infiltration, as well as the protein level in BALF and lung histopathological alterations caused by the influenza virus. The suppressive effect of Tamiflu(®) was slightly stronger than that of HSA-Trx. Interestingly, Tamiflu(®) significantly decreased virus proliferation, while HSA-Trx had no effect. These results indicate that HSA-Trx may be of therapeutic value for the treatment of various acute inflammatory disorders such as influenza-virus-induced pneumonia, by inhibiting inflammatory-cell responses and suppressing the overproduction of NO in the lung.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
3
14%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
3
14%
Immunology and Microbiology
3
14%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
2
10%
Other
1
5%
Unknown
4
19%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 20 February 2015.
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#20,656,161
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in immunology
#24,741
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Outputs of similar age
#202,411
of 276,333 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in immunology
#154
of 193 outputs
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