Title |
Unraveling the nature of autism: finding order amid change
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in Psychology, March 2015
|
DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00359 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Annika Hellendoorn, Lex Wijnroks, Paul P M Leseman |
Abstract |
In this article, we hypothesize that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are born with a deficit in invariance detection, which is a learning process whereby people and animals come to attend the relatively stable patterns or structural regularities in the changing stimulus array. This paper synthesizes a substantial body of research which suggests that a deficit in the domain-general perceptual learning process of invariant detection in ASD can lead to a cascade of consequences in different developmental domains. We will outline how this deficit in invariant detection can cause uncertainty, unpredictability, and a lack of control for individuals with ASD and how varying degrees of impairments in this learning process can account for the heterogeneity of the ASD phenotype. We also describe how differences in neural plasticity in ASD underlie the impairments in perceptual learning. The present account offers an alternative to prior theories and contributes to the challenge of understanding the developmental trajectories that result in the variety of autistic behaviors. |
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Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 3 | 25% |
United States | 2 | 17% |
Ireland | 1 | 8% |
Germany | 1 | 8% |
Canada | 1 | 8% |
Switzerland | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 3 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 6 | 50% |
Scientists | 5 | 42% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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United States | 1 | 1% |
Canada | 1 | 1% |
Australia | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 87 | 96% |
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Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 20 | 22% |
Student > Master | 17 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 18% |
Professor | 5 | 5% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 5% |
Other | 17 | 19% |
Unknown | 11 | 12% |
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Psychology | 40 | 44% |
Neuroscience | 5 | 5% |
Computer Science | 4 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 4% |
Arts and Humanities | 4 | 4% |
Other | 18 | 20% |
Unknown | 16 | 18% |