Title |
Satellite RNAs interfere with the function of viral RNA silencing suppressors
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in Plant Science, April 2015
|
DOI | 10.3389/fpls.2015.00281 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Wan-Xia Shen, Phil Chi Khang Au, Bu-Jun Shi, Neil A. Smith, Elizabeth S. Dennis, Hui-Shan Guo, Chang-Yong Zhou, Ming-Bo Wang |
Abstract |
Viral satellite RNAs (satRNAs) are small subviral RNAs and depend on the helper virus for replication and spread. satRNAs can attenuate helper virus-induced symptoms, the mechanism of which remains unclear. Here, we show that two virus-encoded suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b and Tombusvirus P19, suppress hairpin RNA (hpRNA)-induced silencing of a β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in Nicotiana benthamiana. This suppression can be overcome by CMV Y-satellite RNA (Y-Sat) via the Y-Sat-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which bind to the VSRs and displace the bound hpGUS-derived siRNAs. We also show that microRNA target gene expression in N. tabacum was elevated by CMV infection, presumably due to function of the 2b VSR, but this upregulation of microRNA target genes was reversed in the presence of Y-Sat. These results suggest that satRNA infection minimizes the effect of VSRs on host siRNA and microRNA-directed silencing. Our results suggest that the high abundance of satRNA-derived siRNAs contributes to symptom attenuation by binding helper virus-encoded VSRs, minimizing the capacity of the VSRs to bind host siRNA and miRNA and interfere with their function. |
X Demographics
As of 1 July 2024, you may notice a temporary increase in the numbers of X profiles with Unknown location. Click here to learn more.
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 20% |
France | 1 | 20% |
Switzerland | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 47 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 15 | 32% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 23% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 4% |
Other | 6 | 13% |
Unknown | 6 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 29 | 62% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 17% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 4% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 1 | 2% |
Social Sciences | 1 | 2% |
Other | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 5 | 11% |