Title |
Medical Marijuana for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Other Medical and Psychiatric Problems: A Clinical Review
|
---|---|
Published in |
JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, June 2015
|
DOI | 10.1001/jama.2015.6199 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kevin P. Hill |
Abstract |
As of March 2015, 23 states and the District of Columbia had medical marijuana laws in place. Physicians should know both the scientific rationale and the practical implications for medical marijuana laws. To review the pharmacology, indications, and laws related to medical marijuana use. The medical literature on medical marijuana was reviewed from 1948 to March 2015 via MEDLINE with an emphasis on 28 randomized clinical trials of cannabinoids as pharmacotherapy for indications other than those for which there are 2 US Food and Drug Administration-approved cannabinoids (dronabinol and nabilone), which include nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and appetite stimulation in wasting illnesses. Use of marijuana for chronic pain, neuropathic pain, and spasticity due to multiple sclerosis is supported by high-quality evidence. Six trials that included 325 patients examined chronic pain, 6 trials that included 396 patients investigated neuropathic pain, and 12 trials that included 1600 patients focused on multiple sclerosis. Several of these trials had positive results, suggesting that marijuana or cannabinoids may be efficacious for these indications. Medical marijuana is used to treat a host of indications, a few of which have evidence to support treatment with marijuana and many that do not. Physicians should educate patients about medical marijuana to ensure that it is used appropriately and that patients will benefit from its use. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 238 | 41% |
Canada | 37 | 6% |
United Kingdom | 11 | 2% |
Chile | 8 | 1% |
Australia | 6 | 1% |
Italy | 5 | <1% |
Spain | 4 | <1% |
Mexico | 3 | <1% |
Malaysia | 2 | <1% |
Other | 31 | 5% |
Unknown | 241 | 41% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 399 | 68% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 145 | 25% |
Scientists | 25 | 4% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 14 | 2% |
Unknown | 3 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 6 | <1% |
Colombia | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Chile | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 985 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 161 | 16% |
Researcher | 114 | 11% |
Student > Master | 103 | 10% |
Other | 101 | 10% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 79 | 8% |
Other | 242 | 24% |
Unknown | 196 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 282 | 28% |
Psychology | 80 | 8% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 59 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 55 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 51 | 5% |
Other | 233 | 23% |
Unknown | 236 | 24% |