Title |
Development of a New Scale for Gauging Smartphone Dependence
|
---|---|
Published in |
Nihon eiseigaku zasshi Japanese journal of hygiene, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.1265/jjh.70.259 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Masahiro TODA, Nobuhiro NISHIO, Tatsuya TAKESHITA |
Abstract |
We designed a scale to gauge smartphone dependence and assessed its reliability and validity. A prototype self-rating smartphone-dependence scale was tested on 133 medical students who use smartphones more frequently than other devices to access web pages. Each response was scored on a Likert scale (0, 1, 2, 3), with higher scores indicating greater dependence. To select items for the final scale, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. On the basis of factor analysis results, we designed the Wakayama Smartphone-Dependence Scale (WSDS) comprising 21 items with 3 subscales: immersion in Internet communication; using a smartphone for extended periods of time and neglecting social obligations and other tasks; using a smartphone while doing something else and neglect of etiquette. Our analysis confirmed the validity of the different elements of the WSDS: the reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) values of all subscales and total WSDS were from 0.79 to 0.83 and 0.88, respectively. These findings suggest that the WSDS is a useful tool for rating smartphone dependence. |
X Demographics
As of 1 July 2024, you may notice a temporary increase in the numbers of X profiles with Unknown location. Click here to learn more.
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 2 | 67% |
Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 24 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 6 | 25% |
Lecturer | 3 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 13% |
Researcher | 2 | 8% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 1 | 4% |
Other | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 8 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 7 | 29% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 8% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 8% |
Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 1 | 4% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 8% |
Unknown | 9 | 38% |